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详细说明：Latex中的各种特殊字符：\alpha θ \theta o o τ \tau β \beta ϑ \vartheta π \pi υ \upsilon γ \gamma ι \iota $ \varpi φ \phi δ \delta κ \kappa ρ \rho ϕ \varphi \epsilon λ \lambda % \varrho χ \chi ε \varepsilon µ \mu σ \sigma ψ \psi ζ \zeta ν \nu ς \varsigma ω \omega η \eta ξ \xi
Γ \Gamma Λ \Lambda Σ \Sigma Ψ \Psi ∆ \Delta Ξ \Xi Υ \Upsilon Ω \Omega Θ \Theta Π \Pi Φ \PhiTable 84: fourier Binary relations
Table 85: Subsct and Superset RelationS
36
Table 86: AMS Subset and Superset Relations
6
Table 87: stmaryrd Subset and Superset relations
7
Table 88
asysym Subset and Superset relations
Table 89: txfonts/ pxfonts Subset and Superset Relations....
37
MnSymbol Subset and Superset Relations
Table 90: mathabx Subset and superset relations
37
.37
Table 92: Inequalities
37
Tablc 93: AMS Inequalities
Table 94:
sysym Inequa..
Table 95: txfonts/ pxfonts Inequalities
8
able 96: mathabx Inequalities
Table 97: MnSymbol Inequalities
Table 9 8
AS Triangle Relati
39
Table 9 9: stmaryrd Triangle relations
40
Tablc 100: mathabx Triangle Rclation
40
Table 101: Mn Symbol Triangle Relations
Table 102: Arrows
able 103: Harpoons
41
Table 104: textcomp Text-mode Arrows
41
Table 105: MS Arrows
41
Table 106: AMS Negated Arrow
41
Table 107: AMS Harpoons
4
Table 108: stmaryrd arrows
Table 109: txfonts/pxfonts Arrows
42
Table 1 10: mathabx Arrows
42
Table 111: mathabx Negated Arrows
.42
able 112: mathabx Harpoons
able 113: MnSymbol Arrows
Table 114: Mn Symbol Negated Arrows
Tablc 115: Mn Symbol Harpoons
..46
Tablc 116: Mn Symbol Ncgatcd Harpoons
Table 117: harpoon Extensible Harpoons
4
Table 118: chem arrow arrows
47
Table 119: fge Arrows
47
Table 120: MnSymbol Spools
Table 121: Mn Symbol Pitchforks
.47
Table 122: Mn Symbol Smiles and Frowns
Table 123: ulsy Contradiction Symbols
ITable 124: Extension Characters
Table 125: stmaryrd Extension Characters
Table 126: txfonts/ pxfonts Extension Characters
Table 127: mathabx Extension Characters
Table 128: Log-like Symbols
49
Table 129: AMS Log-like Symbols
Table 130: GiNA2e Number Sets
49
Tablc 131: Grcck letters
5
Table 132: MS Greek Letters
Table 133: txfonts/ pxfonts Upright Greek Letters
Table 134: upgreek Upright Greek Letters
51
Table 133: fourier Variant Greek Letters
51
Table 136: txfonts/ pxfonts Variant Latin Letters]
51
Table 137: Ms Hebrew letter
51
Table 138: Mn Symbol Hcbrcw Letters
51
Table 139: Letter-like Symbols
51
Table 140: AMS Letter-like Symbols
3
Table 141: txfonts/ pxfonts Letter-like Symbols
Table 142: mathabx Lcttcr-likc Symbols
Table 143: MnSymbol Letter-like Symbols
Table 144: trfsigns Letter-like Symbols
52
Table 145: mathdesign Letter-like Symbols
52
Table 146: fge Letter-like Syinbols...........
Table 147: fourier Letter-like Symbols
53
Table 148: AMS Delimiters
Table 149: stmaryrd Delimiters
.,..53
Tablc 150: mathabx dclimitcrsl
Table 151: nath delimiters
Table 152: Variable-sized Delimiters
54
Table 153: Large, Variable-sized Delimiter
Table 154: S Variable-sized Delimiters
4
Table 153 stmaryrd variable-sized delimiters
54
Table 156: mathabx Variable-sized delimiter
Tablc 157: MnSymbol Variablc-sizcd Delimiters
55
Table 158: mathdesign variable-sized delimiters
Table 159: nath Variable-sized Delimiters(Doublel
Table 160: nath Va.riable-sized Delimiters (Triple)
.57
Table 161: fourier Variable-sized Delimiters
Table 162: textcomp Text-Inode Delimiters
57
Table 163: metre Text-mode Delimiters
57
Table 164: Math-mode Accents
Table 165: JAMS Math-mode Accents
Table 166: MnSymbol Math-mode Accents
Table 167: fge Math-mode accents
Lable 168: yhmath Math-mode Accents
Table 169: Extensible Accents
able 170: overrightarrow Extensible Accents
59
59
Table 171: yhmath Extensible Accents
59
Tablc 172: AMS Extensible Accents
59
Table 173: Mn Symbol Extensible Acconts
60
Table 174: mathtools extensible accents
60
Table 175: mathabx Extensible Accents
60
Table 176: fourier Extensible Accents
Table 177: esvect Extensible Accents
61
Table 178: undertilde Extensible Accents
61
ITable 179: ushort Extensible Accents
61
Tablc 180: AMS Extcnsiblc Arrowsl
61
ITable 181: mathtools Extensible Arrows
62
Table 182: chemarr Extensible Arrows
62
Table 183: chem arrow tensible arrows
62
Table 184: extarrows Extensible arrows
62
Table 185: extpfeil Extensible Arrows
63
Table 186: Dot Arrow Extensible Arrows
6
Table 187: trfsigns Extensible Transform Symbols
63
Tablc 188: holtpolt Non-commutativc Division Symbols
63
Table 189: Dots
63
Table 190: MS Dots
64
Table 191: wasysym Dots
64
⊥abe192: MnSymbol Dots
64
Table 193: mathdots Dots
64
Table 194: yhmath Dots
64
Table 195: teubner Dots
64
Table 196: mathcomp Math Symbols
65
Table 19
marye
Table 198: fge Digits
65
Tablc 199: dozenal Basc-12 Digits
65
Table 200: mathabx Mayan Digits
65
Table 201: Miscellaneous IATEX 2E Math Symbols
6,
Table 202: Miscellaneous MS Math Symbols
66
Table 203: Miscellaneous wasysym Math Syiulbols
66
Table 204: Miscellaneous txfonts/pxfonts Math Svinb
66
Table 205: Miscellaneous mathabx Math Symbols
6
Table 206: Miscellaneous Mn Symbol Math Symbols
ablc 207: Misccllancous Intcrnal Mn Symbol Math Symbol
Table 208: Miscellaneous textcomp Text-mode Math Symbol?
67
Table 209: Miscellaneous marvosym Math Symbols
67
able 210: Miscellaneous fge Math ymbols
67
Table 211: Miscellaneous mathdesign Math Symbols
67
Table 212: Miscellaneous arey Math Symbols
.67
Table 213: Math Alphabets.
4 Science and technology symbols
70
Table 214: gensymb Syiubols Deliued to Work in Both Math and Text Mode
70
Table 215: wasysym Electrical and Physical SyIubols
Table 216: ifsym Pulse Diagram Symbols
Table 217: ar Aspect Ratio Symbol
70
able 218: textcomp Text-mode Science and Engineering Symbols
Table 219: steinmetz Extensible Phasor Symbol
70
Table 220: wasysym Astronomical Symbols
71
Table 221: marvosym Astronomical Symbols
71
able 222: mathabx Astronomical symbols
71
Table 223: wasysym APL Symbols
71
Table 224: wasysym APL Modifiers
Table 225: marvosym Computcr Hardwarc Symbols
71
72
able 226: keystroke Computer Key
Table 227: ascii Control Characters(CP437)
Table 228: milstd Logic Gates
7
Table 229: marvosym Communication Symbols
73
Table 230: marvosym Engineering Syillbo
Table 231: wasysym Biological Symbols
Table 232: marvosym Biological Symbols
74
Table 233: marvosym Safety-related Symbols
Table 234: feyn Feynman Diagram Symbols
5 Dingbats
75
Table 235: boding Arrows
75
Tablc 236: pifont Arrows
Table 237: universa arrows
Table 238: marvosy m scissor
.75
able 239: boding Scissors
Table 240: pifont Scissors
73
Table 241: dingbat Pencils
Table 2412: boding Pencils and Nibs
Tablc 243: pifont Pencils and Nibs
Table 244: dingbat Fist
Table 245: boding Fists
76
Table 246
ont fist
Table 247. fourier f ists
Table 248: boding Crosses and Plusses
Table 249: pifont Crosses and plusses
Table 250: bbding Xs and Check Marks
Tablc 251: pifont Xs and Check Marks
.77
Table 252: wasysym Xs and Check Marks
77
Tablc 253: universal Xs
77
Table 254: pifont Circled Number
Table 255: wasysym Star
Table 256: bbding Stars, Flowers, and Similar Shapes
Table 257: pifont Stars, Flowers, anld Siinilar Shapes
Table 25S: fourier Orllaiments.
Table 259: wasysym Geometric Shapes
Table 260: MnSymbol Geometric Shapes
ablc 261: ifsym Gcomctric Shapes
79
Table 262: bbding Geometric Shape
Table 263: piont Geometric Shapes
80
able 264: universa Geometric Shapes
Table 260: universal Geometric Shal
Table 266: Miscellaneous dingbat Dingbats
80
Table 267: Miscellaneous bbding Dingbats
Table 268: Misccllancous pifont Dingbats
6 Ancient languages
81
Table 269: phaistos Syinlbols froIn the Phaistos Dis
8
able 270: protosem Proto-Semitic Characters
..81
Table 271: hieroglf Hieroglyphic
able 272: linear A linear a Script
Table 273: linearb Linear B Basic and Optional letters
8
Table 274: linearb Linear B Numerals
Table 270: linearb Linear B Weights and Measures
Table 276: h
Linear b idec
86
Table 277: linearb Unidentified Linear B Symbols
Table 278: cypriot Cypriot Letters
86
Tablc 279: sara bian South Arabian Lcttcrsl
Table 280: teubner Archaic Greek Letters and Greek Numerals
7 Other syMbols
88
Table 281: textcomp Genealogical Symbols
Table 282: wasysym Gencral Symbols
Table 283: wasysym Circles
Table 284: wasysym Musical Symbols
Table 285: arev Musical Symbols
ble 286: harmony Musical Symbols
89
Table 287: harmony Musical Accents
Table 288: manfnt Dangerous Bend Symbols
RO
Table 289: Miscellaneous manfnt Symbols
89
Tablc 290: marvosym Navigation Symbols
Table 291: marvosy m laundry symbols
90
Table 292: marvosy m Information Symbols
90
Table 293: Other marvosym Symbols
Table 294: Miscellaneous universa Symbols
90
Table 295: Miscellaneous universal Syinbols
.90
Table 296: Miscellaneous fourier Symbols.
91
Tablc 297: ifsym Wcathcr Symbols
.91
Table 298: ifsym Alpine Symbols
91
Table 299: ifsym Clocks
91
Table 300: Other ifsym Symbols
92
Table 301: clock clocks
.92
Table 302: epsdice Dice
92
Table 303: hhcount dic
ITable 304: hhcount Tally Markers
.,..92
Table 305: skull Symbols
.93
6
Table 306: Non-Mathematical mathabx Symbols
93
Table 307: skak Chcss Informator Symbols
93
Table 308: skak Chess pieces and Chessboard squares
94
Table 309 igo Go Stones
94
Table 310: metre Metrical Symbols
95
Table 311: metre Simall and Large Metrical Symbols
Table 312 teubner Metrical Symbol
Table 313: dictsym Dictionary Symbols
Table 314: simpsons Characters from The Simpsons....
ablc 315: pmboxdraw Box-Drawing Symbols
Table 316: staves magica. I St
97
lable 317: pigpen Cipher Symbols
98
Table 318: (Hi2e Phases of the Moon
98
Table 319: Other(iN2e S, ymbols
Table 320: recycle Recycling Syinbols
99
8 Additional Information
100
8.1
mbol name clashes
100
8.2Resi∠ ing sinbo
.100
8.3 Where can I lind the symbol for
100
8.1 Math-mode spacing.
112
8.5 Bold mathematical symbols
8.6 ASCIi and Latin 1 quick reference
114
8.7 Unicode characters
117
IS8 About this document
118
3.9 Copyright and license
.121
Rcfcrcnccs
122
Inde.
123
Introduction
Welcome to the Comprehensive IAlEX Symbol List! This document strives to be your primary source of IlEX
symbol information: font samples, IATFX commands, packages, usage details, caveats - everything needed to
put thousands of different symbols at your disposal. All of the fonts covered herein meet the following criteria.
TheyarefreelyavailablefromtheComprehensiveTexArchiveNEtwork(http://www.ctan.org)
2. All of their symbols have IATEX 2E bindings. That is, a user should be able to access a symbol by name
not just by \char(nimber
These are not particularly limiting criteria: the Comprehensive IATEX Symbol List contains samples of 5913
symbols quite a largc numbcr Somc of these symbols arc guaranteed to be availablc in cvcry ITEX 2E system
others rcquirc fonts and packages that may not accompany a givcn distribution and that thercforc nccd to
beinstalledSeehttp://www.tex.ac.uk/cgi-bin/texfaq2htm1?label=instpackages+wherefilesforhelp
with installing new fonts and packages
1.1 Document Usage
Each section of this document contains a number of font tables. Each table shows a set of symbols, with the
corresponding IleX command to the right of each symbol. a table's caption indicates what package needs to
be loaded in order to access that table's symbols. For exalmple, the syMbols in Table 39 "textcomp Old-Style
Numerals", are made available by putting \usepackagettextcomp)in your documents preamble. MS
means to use the MS packages, viz. amssymb and or amsmath. Notes below a table provide additional
information about somc or all the symbols in that tablc
One note that appears a few times in this document, particularly in Section 2 indicates that certain
symbols do not exist in the OTI font encoding(Donald Knuth's original, 7-bit font, en coding, which is the
default font encoding for AleX) and that you should use fontenc to select a different encoding, such as tl
(a common 8-bit font encoding). That means that you should put "\usepackage [(encoding )]ifontenc"in
your docunents preamble, where( encoding) is, e.g., T1 or LY1. To limit the change in font encoding to the
current group, use "\fontencodingf(encoding)]\selectfont
Scction S] contains some additional information about the symbols in this document. It discusscs how
certain mathematical symbols can vary in height, shows which symbol names are not unique across packages
gives examples of how to create new symbols out of existing symbols, explains how symbols are spaced in
math mode, compares various schemes for boldfacing symbols, presents IATEX ASCII and Latin 1 tables
shows how to input and output Unicode characters, and provides some information about this document itself
The CoInprehenlsive IATEX Symbol List ends with an index of all the symbols in the docunent and various
additional useful terms
1. 2 Frequently requested Symbol
There are a number of symbols that are requested over and over again on comp. text. tex. If you re looking
for such a symbol the following list will help you find it quickly
as in "Spaces are significant.
⑨
l,etc.(versus i, i, i, and 1)
n“180°or“15°C
8,,
N. Z.R
,③.and
19
∮
a,e, etc.(i.e, several accents per character) [O7
and(instead of
4
or
8
2 Body-text symbols
This section lists symbols that are intended for use in running text, such as punctuation marks, accents
ligatures, and currency symbols
TABLE1:IX2 Escapable“ Special” Characters
%
8
井\#
{\
The underscore package redefines"_to produce an underscore in text. mode (i.e.it
makes it unnecessary to escape the underscore character)
TABLE 2: Predefined TATEX 2E Text-mode Commands
\textasciicircum
\textless
\textasciitilde
\textordfeminine
米
\textasteriskcentered
\textordmasculine
A textbackslash
红 textparagraph
\ textbar
\textperiodcentered
〔\ textbraceleft
\textquestiondown
\textbracerightt
\ textquotedblleft
textbullet
” textquotedblright
⊙ extcopyright
\textquoteleft
i \textdagger
\textquoteright
t textdaggerdbl
③(\ enregistered
textdollar
§\ textsection
\textellipsis
￡\ textsterling
\texttrademark
\textendash
\texture
textgreater
Where two symbols are present, the left one is the"faked"symbol that IATEX 2
provides by default, and the right onc is the "truc"symbol that textcomp makcs
available.
and\o can be used instead of \textasciicircum and \textascii
e
Scc the discussion of“” on pagc115
It's generally preferable to use the corresponding symbol from Table 3 because the
symbols in that table work properly in hot h text mode and math mode
TABLE 3: IATEX 2 Commands Dcfincd to Work in Both Math and Text Modc
\ddag
\{
AP
\copyright
dots
\dag
￡:\ pounds
Where two symbols are present, the left one is the"faked"symbol that IAlEX2E
provides by default, and the right one is the "true"symbol that textcomp makes
available
TABLE 4: MS Commands Defined to Work in Both Math and Text Mode
√\ checkmark①\ circled.k\ maltese
TABLE 5: Non-ASCII Letters(Excluding Accented Letters)
a
aa
B、DH
五\L
A AA
0\d
1\1
O\0
Ss \ SS
IE \AE
(E OE
P \ TH
ae
dd
g
b
Not availablc in the OTl font cncoding. Usc the fontenc package to sclect an
alternate font encoding, such as T1
TABLE 6: Letters Used to Typeset African Languages
D \BDF \micf f mlff k mtkF t Mith 3 \mtzH
d Bid d \miD] f miF D miN t MiT C TIEH
H \ BH d \Mid miG n \min t mith 8 Tie
Bh D MID
〗\m{g}\m{o}T\m{T
\T{0}
东B[t}d\m{dU\m{I
D mtO]
m{u]*5\T[o
P、B{T}8\m{E}1m[]中\m{P]O、m{U]
6
bh
\mte
N\m{J}5、m{p
\mtYH
B、m{B}M{E
\mtjh
\mtyy
C \mfc] \Me) K \mtK 5 \mts] 3 \miz]
Thesc characters all nced the T4 font cncoding, which is provided by the fc package
\mfvj and \mfI are synonyms for \mfu and \mtUH
TABLE 7: Letters Used to Typeset Vietnamese
\OHORN U ohorn U \UHORN t \uhorn
These characters all need the t5 font encoding, which is provided by the vntex
package
table 8: Punctuation marks not found in oT1
k \guillemotleft \guilsinglleft \quotedblbase \textquotedbl
guillemotright
guilsinglright
\quotesinglbase
To get these symbols, use the fontenc package to select an alternate font encoding
such as t1
TABLE 9: pifont Decorative Punctuation Marks
\ding[123] \dingf125) s \ding[161 \ding[163]
ding{24}男
dng{126}:\ding{162}
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