This introduction to some of the principal models in the theory of disordered systems leads the reader through the basics, to the very edge of contemporary research, with the minimum of technical fuss. Topics covered include random walk, percolation
The mechanism of ferromagnetic ordering in ZrOx film is investigated by both experimental observation and theoretical calculation. Magnetic measurements reveal that the magnetic properties can be adjusted from diamagnetism to ferromagnetism by varyin
The mutual control mechanism between magnetization and polarization in multiferroic materials is studied. Thesystem contains a ferromagnetic sublattice and a ferroelectric sublattice. To describe the magneto–electric coupling, wepropose a linear coup
We have grown room temperature ferromagnetic Fe, and Fe,Cu-codoped In2O3 films on sapphire substrates by pulsed laser deposition. The magnetization of the Fe-doped In2O3 films was independent of the thickness and the observed ferromagnetism was almos
