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详细说明： 颜开 v0.2 2010.2 序 ................................................................................................... 3 思想篇 思想篇.............................................................................................. 4 CAP .............................................................................................. 4 最终一致性...................................................................................... 5 变体 ........................................................................................... 5 BASE .............. .............................................................................. 6 其他 .............................................................................................. 6 I/O的五分钟法则............................................................................ 6 不要删除数据 ................................................................................ 7 RAM是硬盘,硬盘是磁带.................................................................... 8 Amdahl定律和Gustafson定律 ........................................................... 9 万兆以太网 ................................................................................. 10 手段篇 手段篇............................................................................................ 10 一致性哈希.................................................................................... 10 亚马逊的现状............................................................................ 12 算法的选择 .............................................................................. 12 Quorum NRW............................................................................... 12 Vector clock ................................................................................. 13 Virtual node................................................................................. 14 gossip ......................................................................................... 15 Gossip (State Transfer Model) ..................................................... 15 Gossip (Operation Transfer Model) ............................................... 17 Merkle tree .................................................................................. 20 Paxos ......................................................................................... 20 背景 ......................................................................................... 20 DHT............................................................................................ 22 Map Reduce Execution .................................................................. 23 Handling Deletes .......................................................................... 23 存储实现....................................................................................... 23 节点变化....................................................................................... 25 列存 ............................................................................................ 27 描述 ......................................................................................... 27 特点 ......................................................................................... 28 软件篇 软件篇............................................................................................ 28 亚数据库....................................................................................... 28 MemCached .............................................................................. 28 特点....................................................................................... 28 内存分配 ................................................................................. 30 缓存策略 ................................................................................. 30 缓存数据库查询......................................................................... 30 数据冗余与故障预防 ................................................................... 31 Memcached客户端(mc) .......................................................... 31 缓存式的Web应用程序架构 .......................................................... 31 性能测试 ................................................................................. 31 dbcached.................................................................................. 32 Memcached 和 dbcached 在功能上一样吗? .................................... 32 列存系列....................................................................................... 33 Hadoop之Hbase ......................................................................... 33 耶鲁大学之HadoopDB................................................................... 34 GreenPlum................................................................................ 34 FaceBook之Cassandra ................................................................ 34 Cassandra特点 ........................................................................ 35 Keyspace ............................................................................... 35 Column family(CF) ............................................................... 35 Key ....................................................................................... 35 Column.................................................................................. 35 Super column ......................................................................... 36 Sorting .................................................................................. 36 存储....................................................................................... 37 API ....................................................................................... 37 Google之BigTable....................................................................... 38 Yahoo之PNUTS .......................................................................... 39 特点....................................................................................... 39 PNUTS实现 ............................................................................. 39 Record-level mastering 记录级别主节点 ..................................... 39 PNUTS的结构........................................................................ 40 Tablets寻址与切分.................................................................. 41 Write调用示意图 .................................................................... 41 PNUTS感悟 ............................................................................. 42 微软之SQL数据服务 ...................................................................... 42 非云服务竞争者 .............................................................................. 43 文档存储....................................................................................... 43 CouchDB .................................................................................. 43 特性....................................................................................... 43 Riak ......................................................................................... 44 MongoDB.................................................................................. 44 Terrastore ................................................................................ 45 ThruDB .................................................................................... 45 Key Value / Tuple 存储................................................................... 45 Amazon之SimpleDB.................................................................... 45 Chordless ................................................................................. 45 Redis ....................................................................................... 45 Scalaris .................................................................................... 46 Tokyo cabinet / Tyrant ............................................................... 46 CT.M ........................................................................................ 47 Scalien ..................................................................................... 47 Berkley DB ............................................................................... 47 MemcacheDB ............................................................................ 47 Mnesia ..................................................................................... 48 LightCloud ................................................................................ 48 HamsterDB ............................................................................... 48 Flare ........................................................................................ 48 最终一致性Key Value存储 ................................................................ 49 Amazon之Dynamo ..................................................................... 49 功能特色 ................................................................................. 49 架构特色 ................................................................................. 49 BeansDB .................................................................................. 50 简介....................................................................................... 50 更新....................................................................................... 50 特性....................................................................................... 50 性能....................................................................................... 50 Nuclear .................................................................................... 51 两个设计上的Tips ...................................................................... 51 Voldemort................................................................................. 51 Dynomite ................................................................................. 52 Kai .......................................................................................... 53 未分类 ......................................................................................... 53 Skynet ..................................................................................... 53 Drizzle ..................................................................................... 53 比较 ............................................................................................ 54 可扩展性.................................................................................... 54 数据和查询模型............................................................................ 54 持久化设计 ................................................................................. 55 5. 应用篇 应用篇............................................................................................ 55 eBay 架构经验............................................................................... 55 淘宝架构经验 ................................................................................. 56 Flickr架构经验 ............................................................................... 56 Twitter运维经验 ............................................................................. 56 运维经验.................................................................................... 56 Metrics .................................................................................. 56 配置管理 ................................................................................. 57 Darkmode.............................................................................. 57 进程管理 ................................................................................. 57 硬件....................................................................................... 57 代码协同经验 .............................................................................. 58 Review制度............................................................................. 58 部署管理 ................................................................................. 58 团队沟通 ................................................................................. 58 Cache ...................................................................................... 58 云计算架构.................................................................................... 58 反模式 ......................................................................................... 60 单点失败(Single Point of Failure) ................................................ 60 同步调用.................................................................................... 60 不具备回滚能力............................................................................ 60 不记录日志 ................................................................................. 60 无切分的数据库............................................................................ 60 无切分的应用 .............................................................................. 60 将伸缩性依赖于第三方厂商.............................................................. 61 OLAP .......................................................................................... 61 OLAP报表产品最大的难点在哪里? .................................................... 61 NOSQL们背后的共有原则.................................................................. 61 假设失效是必然发生的 ................................................................... 62 对数据进行分区............................................................................ 62 保存同一数据的多个副本................................................................. 62 动态伸缩.................................................................................... 62 查询支持.................................................................................... 62 使用 Map/Reduce 处理汇聚 ........................................................... 63 基于磁盘的和内存中的实现.............................................................. 63 仅仅是炒作?................................................................................ 63 6. 附 ................................................................................................. 64 感谢 ............................................................................................ 64 版本志 ......................................................................................... 64 引用 ............................ ...展开收缩
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