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freebsdprotmode底层文档.7z
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详细说明： A guide to how the FreeBSD kernel manages the IA32 processors in Protected Mode (c) 2004, Arne Vidstrom, http://vidstrom.net Version 1.0 : 2004-06-17 Table of contents 1. P REREQUISITE KNOWLEDGE ....................................................................................2 2. I NFORMATION SOURCES ............................. .............................................................2 3. T HE I NTERRUPT D ESCRIPTOR T ABLE (IDT)............................................................2 3.1 The IDT definition............................................................................................2 3.2 Setting entries in the IDT.................................................................................3 3.3 A look inside the IDT with KernView ..............................................................4 3.4 Making the IDT active .....................................................................................5 4. S YSCALL HANDLING ...............................................................................................6 4.1 The INT 0x80 interrupt handler.......................................................................6 4.2 Syscall dispatching...........................................................................................8 4.3 The copyin() function.....................................................................................10 5. T HE G LOBAL D ESCRIPTOR T ABLE (GDT).............................................................12 5.1 The GDT definition........................................................................................12 5.2 Setting up the descriptors in the GDT............................................................13 5.3 Making the GDT active..................................................................................16 5.4 A look inside the GDT with KernView...........................................................17 5.5 Segment selector values in an ordinary user mode program ........................21 6. T ASK SWITCHING ..................................................................................................22 6.1 The cpu_switch() function..............................................................................22 7. V IRTUAL PAGING ..................................................................................................29 7.1 The page fault handler...................................................................................29 7.2 Virtual paging and task switching.................................................................32 8 T HE L OCAL D ESCRIPTOR T ABLE (LDT).................................................................32 8.1 A quick glance at the LDT .............................................................................32 9. M ISCELLANEOUS ..................................................................................................34 9.1 The uiomove() function..................................................................................34 1. Prerequisite knowledge This guide assumes that the reader is familiar with how the IA32 processors work in Protected Mode, with the C programming language, and with AT&T syntax IA32 assembler programming. It also assumes some knowledge about user mode system programming for FreeBSD and some general knowledge about the internal workings of the kernel. 2. Information sources The primary source of information used when writing this guide has been the FreeBSD kernel source code itself. The FreeBSD Kernel Cross-Reference at http://fxr.watson.org/ has been very valuable for doing easy searches in the kernel source code, but the source code snippets in the text comes from the /usr/src directory tree on a FreeBSD 4.9 installation. Also, the book The Design and Implementation of the 4.4 BSD Operating System, by McKusick / Bostic / Karels / Quarterman, was very useful as a general kernel overview. The references used for IA32 information are the IA-32 Intel Architecture Software Developer’s Manual from Intel, and the book Protected Mode Software Architecture
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