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详细说明：被誉为卫星中的劳斯莱斯（https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/23025599）的日本静止卫星葵花8/9的数据说明文档。Documentation Change record
Issuc/revision
Datc
Description
Version 1.o
31 October, 2013 Original edition
Version 1.1
26 January, 2015 Add a column"Valid number of bits per pixel"in
Table 1"Himawari-8 and-9 observation bands
Correct errors in Table 6"Block structures",#4
Navigation information block"(4, 5,7,8)
Change the format of Table 6"Block structures",#6
" Inter-calibration information block
Change the URL on p5 to LRIT/HRIT Global
Specification
Change the URL on p. 15 to Meteorological Satellite
Center
Vcrsion 1.2
20May,2015
Change the format of Tablc 6"block structurcs,,#6
6 Inter-calibration information block
Version 1. 3
3Jul,2017
Change the format of Table 6"Block structures,#5
Calibration in formalion block"?
Remove the description related to the mtsat-2
backup operatio
Contents
1. Introduction
p.1
2. Obscrvation arcas
3. Map projcction mcthod
4. File naming Convention
5. Himawari Standard Format(Version 1.3)
1. Introduction
The Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) began the operation of its Himawari-8 satellite
in July 2015 and backup-operation by its Himawari- 9 satellite in March 2017, with both units
scheduled to continuc observation until around 2029. thc information dcrivcd from the satellites
is processed to create Himawari Standard Data in Himawari Standard Format as master data for all
products related to information from Himawari-8 and-9. Himawari Standard Data arc provided for
cach obscrvation(scc Scction 2)and cach band (scc Tablc 1)
Band number
Wavelength [l
Valid number of bits per pixel
0.47
11
0.51
0.64
0.86
lI
5
.6
2.3
11
7
3.9
14
8
6.2
6.9
11
10
12
8.6
12
9.6
12
13
10.4
12
15
12.4
12
16
13.3
2. Observation areas
Himawari-8 and-9 each carry an Advanced Himawari Imager(AHD scanning five areas
Full disk (images of the whole earth as seen from the satellite), the Japan Area(regions l and 2)
thc target Arca(Rcgion 3)and two Landmark Arcas(Regions 4 and 5). whilc thc scan rangcs for
Full Disk and the Japan area are predefined, those of the target Area and Landmark areas are
flexible to cnablc prompt rcaction to mctcorological conditions. At the beginning of Himawari-8's
opcration, Landmark Arca data arc uscd only for navigation, and arc not intended for usc as
satellite products. In the future, JMA plans to use Region 5 for observation of phenomena such as
rapidly developing cumulonimbus clouds and to provide the resulting data to users. In each
10-minute period, the aHI scans the Full Disk once, the Japan Area and Target Area four times
and the two Landmark areas twenty times. These 10-minute divisions are basic units of an
observation schedule called a timeline. In himawari-8 and-g's baseline observation the timeline
is repeated every 10 minutes except in their housekeeping operation
The observation areas and frequencies are shown in Table 2, and scan images on a
timeline are shown in Figure l. The observation areas and numbers of pixels are shown in Table 3
Observations per
Time cycle
Observations per
Observation area
timeline
min.
Full disk
Fixed
10
144
Japan area
Fixed
2.5
576
(Region 1+ Region 2)
Target Area
Flexible
2.5
576
(Region 3)
Landmark area
Flexible
20
0.5
(Region 4)
Landmark area
Flexible
20
0.5
2.880
(Region 5)
Region 5
every 10 [min]
North-Eastern (South-Western (Target Area)(Landmark Area)(Landmark Area)
Japan Area) Japan Area)
every 2.5 every 0.5 [min. every 0.5 [min.
every 2.5[min] every 2.5(min. [min]
Spatial resol
Numbers of pixels
Band number
at ssP
Observ ation area
(scc Tablc 1)(sub satcllitc point)East-west North-south
[km
direction
direction
3
0.5
22,000
22.000
lll Disk
1,2,
11.000
11.000
5-16
2
5.500
5.500
0.5
6,000
4,800
Japan arca
l.2.4
3.000
2.400
(Rcgion 1+ Rcgion 2)
5-16
1.500
1.200
0.5
2.000
2.000
Target Area
1,2,4
1.000
1.000
(Region 3)
5-16
2
500
500
3
0.5
2.000
1.000
Landmark area
1,2,4
1.000
500
5-16
500
250
0.5
2.000
1.000
Landmark arca
1,2,4
1.000
500
5-16
500
250
The point of intersection between the surtace of the Earth and a straight line connecting the satellite and the
Earth’ s center
3. Map Projection Method
For Himawari Standard data, normalized geostationary projection is adopted as defined
in"LRIT/HRIT Global Specification" Section 4.4. The projection describes the view from the
satellite to an idealized carth
The paramcters of thc geographic coordinatc systcm uscd for Himawari Standard Data
arc bascd on WGS84(World Gcodctic Systcm 1984)as recommended in ETSAT6/DoC. 16(1)
Implications of Using the world geodetic System 1984(WGS84)
LRIT/HRIT GIobal Spccification, CGMS, v2& of 30 Oct 2013
http://www.cgms-info.org/index.phpicgms/page?cat=publicatiOns&Page=tEchnIcal+pUblicaTionS
http:/learth-info.ngamil/giand(i/wgs84/
http://www.wmo.int/pages/prog/sat/meetings/et-sat-6.php
4. File Naming Convention
In the naming convention for Himawari Standard Data, capitals in file names indicate
unique letters, and italics depend on the observation time band numbers and other parameters
The meanings of italics arc shown in Tablc 4, whcrc the time zonc is utC( Coordinated Universal
Time)
Notc: Obscrvation data may be divided into segment files as nccdcd(scc Tablc 4 kklD)
The general file name format is:
Hs aaa yyyymmdd hhnn Bbb cccc Rij skAIl.DAT
Character
Description
Satellite name
H08: Himawari-8
Ho9: Himawari-9
yyyy
Obscrvation start timc(timclinc) ycar](4 digits)
Observation start time(timeline)[month(01-12)
Observation start time(timeline)[day(01-31)
hh
Observation start time(timeline hour(00-23)
Observation start time(timeline)[min ](every 10 min)
bh
Band number(ol-16(see Table 1)
CCCC
observation area and number
FLDK: Full disk
JPee: Japan area
Observation number on the timeline(ee=01-04)
R3ff: Region 3 (Target Area
Observation number on the timeline(ff=01-04)
Rigg:R
4 (Landmark area)
Observation number on the timeline (gg=01-20)
RSii: Region 5(Landmark Area)
Observation number on the timeline(ii=01-20)
al rcsolution at ssp
05:0.5km
20:2km
-6
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