Adaptive Feed-Forward Control of Low Frequency Int

文件名称: Adaptive Feed-Forward Control of Low Frequency Interior Noise

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详细说明：虽然本书从基本概念入手，但读者应熟悉工程力学和/或工程声学（包括实验技术），系统理论和数值数学。因此，目标受众包括研究生，专业工程师和从事机电一体化研究的研究人员，特别是在有源内部噪声控制领域。Thomas Kletschkowski Adaptive Feed Forward control of low frequency Interior noise S ringer Thomas Kletschkowski Department of Mechanical Engineering Helmut-Schmidt-University/University of the federal armed forces hambur Holstenhofweg 85 Hamburg 22043 rg Germany kletsch hsu-hh de ISBN978-94-007-2536-2 e-ISBN97894-007-2537-9 DOI10.100797894-007-2537-9 Springer dordrecht Heidelberg london New York Library of Congress Control Number: 2011941767 O Springer Science+ Business Media B.V. 2012 No part of this work may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, microfilming, recording or otherwise, without written permission from the Publisher, with the exception of any material supplied specifically for the purpose of being entered and executed on a computer system, for exclusive use by the purchaser of the work Cover design: VTeX UAB, Lithuania Printed on acid-free paper SpringerispartofSpringerScience+businessMedia(www.springer.com) Preface This book focuses on a mechatronic approach to active control of interior noise. It strives to comprehend the results of a five year research period as chief engineer with the chair for mechatronics of the Helmut-Schmidt-University/University of the Federal Armed Forces Hamburg Although the book starts with fundamental concepts, the reader is expected to be familiar with engineering mechanics and/or engineering acoustics (including exper imental techniques), system theory and numerical mathematics. The target audience therefore consists of post graduate students, professional engineers, and researchers working in mechatronics, and especially in the field of active interior noise control At the beginning of each new chapter, an abstract contains both a short summary and, as recommendations for further reading, a brief comment on literature. The im- portant contributions to the subject matter are quoted throughout the text. However, the list of references is far from being complete. I therefore apologize to any col leagues not mentioned in spite of their important contributions to academic and/or applied research on active noise and vibration control Hamburg, Germany Thomas Kletschkowski Acknowledgements The author gratefully acknow ledges the support of the helmut-Schmidt-University/ University of the Federal Armed Forces Hamburg. The top-level conditions for re search and teaching provided by this institution have been essential to finish my Habilitation as well as to write this book Very special thanks, the author would like to express to Delf Sachau who made me familiar with active noise and Vibration Control in 2004 and since then has continued to give much helpful advice. The author would also like to thank Udo Zolzer and Detlef Krahe for all of their criticisms, comments and suggestions. Fur thermore, the author would like to thank Uwe Schomburg and Albrecht bertram who always encouraged me to finish this work Many colleagues and friends also made useful comments and suggestions that made is possible to improve this book. The author would like to thank Sten Bohme, Harald breitbach, Mohamed bouhaj Christian gerner Julian grebkowski, martin Holters, Norbert hovelmann, Kay Kochan, Rolf lammering, Jorg Lefevre, Marian Markiewicz, Gunter Neuwirth, Oliver Pabst, Marek Pawelczyk, Bernd samtleben Henning scheel. Kai simanowski. Jochen Sommer. Fabrice Teuma. Martin Wandel and matthias Weber The academic career of the author would have been impossible without the sup port of his family in Hamburg, Schwerin and Den Haag. Very special thanks go to Ammerentie. roland and Karoline. to beate and reinhard as well as to adriana and Izaak. The author is grateful to all of them Notation Mathematical operations and operators Divergence operator grad Gradient operator max Maximum operator min Minimum operator E Expectation 3 Fourier transform 0 Inverse Fourier transform 3 Fourier transform of sampled signals Inverse Fourier transform of sampled signals SDET Discrete fourier transform DFT Inverse discrete Fourier transform Gives the imaginary part of a complex number Re Gives the real part of a complex number Transformation Mapping from time domain to frequency domain Mapping from frequency domain to time domain Wave operator Vector wave operator Transposition Hermitian or conjugate transpose (of a matrix) Total derivative 0() Partial derivative Arithmetic mean Trace of a matrix Euclidean norm Conventions for Signals and systems Conventions for Continuous-Time Signals and Systems Ti Ime Frequency Angular frequency, 1. e 2I times the actual frequency in her x(t Continuous-time signal X(o) Fourier transform of x(t) Conventions for Discrete-Time Signals and Systems Discrete time step T Sampling time, so t=n T where n is an integer Discrete-time signal X( Fourier transform of x(n) X(n) Fourier transform ofx(n)at discrete time step n General conventions Real valued amplitude of x or approximation/model of x Filtered signal Steady state of x Arithmetic mean of x Variance of x ERMS Root mean square of x Virtual signal Complex amplitude of X or approximation/model of X Filtered signal Steady state of X E Mean signal energy Mean signal power Xx Auto correlation of x rx Cross correlation between x and y Impulse response of a system Auto spectral density of x Cross spectral density for x and y G Xx Single-sided auto spectral density of x G Single-Sided cross spectral density for x and y H Transfer function of a system Conventions for Linear algebra Conventions for scalars Scalar variables R Real part of X, where Xr=Re(x) XI Imaginary part of X, where X/=Im(X) Conjugate complex of X, where X=XR-jXI Squared magnitude of X, where X2=X*X Conventions for Column Matrices Lower-case bold variables are column matrices The transpose of a column matrix is a row matrix Real part of x, where xr= Re(x Imaginary part of x, where x)= Im(x Hermitian of x where x R- J Notation The inner product of x, which is a scalar XX H The outer product of x, whose trace is equal to the inner product 1x2 Euclidean norm of x, where x2=v Conventions for Matrices Upper-case bold variables are matrices XXXxXxX The transpose of x Real part of x, where Xr=Re(x) Imaginary part of X, where X=Im (X) Hermitian of X, where rH YR Xp The inverse of x H The inverse of Xh tr(X) Trace of X hi(x) The i-th eigenvalue of X x‖2 Euclidean norm of X, where X 2=Vtr(XX The identity matrix Conventions for vectors Vector valued variable such as position vector Scalar product between vectors Comments on symbols Lower-Case Latin Symbols Cost function parameter column matrix Speed of sound or cost function parameter Disturbance or distance between anode and cathode 2.718..., error signal, acoustic energy density or additive filtered error potential energy density Frequency fx((5) Probability density function of a stochastic prc n-th eigenfrequency fnr n-th resonance irequency Load column matrix Index, normal component of sound intensity or electric current Sound intensity vector Index or imaginary number(j=V-1 k Index, wave number, discrete-time delay or stiffness Alternative form of complex wave number R Wave number for the n-th resonance Index or length Index, discrete-time delay or mass Index or discrete time step Normal vector Acoustic pressure Ptot Total pressure otation Equilibrium value of total pressure PpPg Primary noise Anti-noise Source strength, electric charge or volume velocity Damping coefficient or radial distance Residuum column matrix Change in radial distance △tivU Time Observation time point Normal component of acoustic velocity acoustic velocity Total value of acoustic velocit Equilibrium value of acoustic velocity Column matrix of control filter coefficients Umi mki-th control filter coefficient mki-th auxiliary coefficient Signal or x-coordinate x4xyz Separation distance Position vector Signal or y-coordinate z-coordinate Upper-Case Latin Symbols A Attenuation of analogue filter A Cost function parameter matrix Electromagnetic induction Capacity of condenser Stiffness matrix or controller matrix Specific heat for constant pressure C Specific heat for constant volume Dimensionless damping ratio of mechanical systems Damping matrix E Error Energy or bulk modulus Number of control filter coefficients or instantaneous intensity Mean intensity Measured mean intensity True mean intensity Number of filter coefficients used for plant modeling or cost function KL Number of reference signals Number of error signals, length or inductance Number of controller output signals or modal overlap MMNPRR Mass matrix Number of time steps Probability of a stochastic process Complex reflection coefficient, electric resistance or residuum Impedance boundary

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